Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Diagnostic accuracy of multimodal large language models in differentiating epileptic from functional seizures in smartphone recorded videos.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Semiology matters: diagnosing functional seizures beyond the EEG.

Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska·2026
Same author

The use of cellular therapies for trigeminal neuralgia: a systematic review of behavioral and molecular outcomes.

Neurosurgical review·2026
Same author

Is EEG useful in predicting neurotoxicity and outcomes related to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy?

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same author

Artifactual signal detection using intraoperative electrocorticographic devices during functional brain mapping of brain tumors.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Intraoperative electrocorticography in awake brain surgery: comparing three electrode configurations for detecting stimulus-induced and spontaneous epileptiform activity.

Journal of neurosurgery·2025
Same journal

The Physics and Physiology of Electrical Stimulation of the Brain.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Neurophysiology in Postanoxic Encephalopathy: Pathophysiology, Prognosis, and Treatment.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

A Review on the Functional Connectivity of the Human Opercular Cortex.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Surgical Aspects of Opercular Epilepsies.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Cost-Effectiveness of EEG Monitoring in Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury After Cardiac Arrest.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
Same journal

Pathophysiology and Prognostic Significance of Myoclonus in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents
11:09

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2014

14.7K

Subcortical Stimulation for Functional Brain Mapping: A Systematic Review.

Adrian Safa1, David Sabsevitz2, Marco Failla Mulone1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, U.S.A.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
|February 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subcortical functional brain mapping uses electrical stimulation to identify critical white matter tracts. While generally safe, variability in methods and lack of long-term data limit optimal parameter selection.

Keywords:
Awake craniotomyBrain tumorEpilepsy surgeryFunctional brain mappingSubcortical mappingWhite matter

More Related Videos

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
09:52

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

9.9K
Study Design for Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Speech Cortical Mapping
09:16

Study Design for Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Speech Cortical Mapping

Published on: March 24, 2023

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents
11:09

Deep Brain Stimulation with Simultaneous fMRI in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2014

14.7K
Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
09:52

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

9.9K
Study Design for Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Speech Cortical Mapping
09:16

Study Design for Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Speech Cortical Mapping

Published on: March 24, 2023

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neuroscience
  • Functional Brain Mapping

Background:

  • Subcortical functional brain mapping is crucial for preserving motor and language functions during surgery near white matter tracts.
  • Damage to these tracts can lead to significant neurological deficits and poorer patient outcomes.
  • Current approaches to subcortical mapping exhibit considerable variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature on subcortical functional brain mapping.
  • To understand the indications for this technique.
  • To identify optimal electrical stimulation parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searches conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Medline databases.
  • Included studies involving adults undergoing subcortical electrical stimulation for functional brain mapping.

Main Results:

  • 55 articles (249 patients) were analyzed, with brain tumors being the most common pathology.
  • Key mapped tracts included the arcuate fasciculus, corticospinal tract, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus.
  • Bipolar stimulation was preferred; 89.1% of patients had no permanent adverse outcomes, though long-term data were limited.

Conclusions:

  • Methodological variability and insufficient long-term follow-up hinder the determination of optimal stimulation parameters.
  • Functional brain mapping strategies should consider the specific tracts and networks involved.
  • Standardization and further research are necessary to establish definitive guidelines.