Optimizing communication with athletes during the Ramadan fasting period: Strategies and tips for coaches

Effective communication is a fundamental element of coaching, particularly in sensitive contexts such as Ramadan. Managing the challenges related to fasting requires coaches to develop an adapted communication approach, capable of reconciling performance demands with athletes' religious practices. This narrative review explores different coaching communication styles, focusing on their impact on both performance and athletes' well-being during Ramadan.

This narrative review is based on a qualitative synthesis of the literature. Three communication styles are analyzed: (i) Directive, (ii) Submissive, and (iii) Cooperative. The analysis is contextualized according to the different phases of Ramadan: before, during, and after fasting.

The directive style, although structuring, can reduce motivation and team cohesion. The submissive style weakens training control. The cooperative style is the most beneficial, enhancing two-way communication, motivation, and adaptation to Ramadan's constraints. Implementing tailored strategies during Ramadan, including anticipating athletes' specific needs and adjusting training loads, helps maintain their overall well-being while preserving performance. This review highlights the importance of communication adapted to the phases of Ramadan. Practical strategies are proposed for coaches, such as adopting open and respectful communication, adjusting training programs, and providing individualized support to athletes. The cooperative approach emerges as the most effective in balancing performance and well-being.

Coaches and club managers are encouraged to strengthen their leadership role by developing communication skills to effectively support their athletes during this critical period.