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Related Concept Videos

Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
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A Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Eating Disorder Analysis and Diagnosis
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Developmental Perspectives on Eating Disorders: A Review and Research Update on the ABCD Study.

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  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging studies of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study show brain alterations in children with binge eating. Inconsistent findings highlight the need for standardized methods to understand eating disorder pathophysiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is a major resource for understanding brain development.
  • Eating disorders represent a significant public health concern with complex underlying mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how ABCD Study data informs the pathophysiology of incipient eating disorders.
  • To synthesize findings from neuroimaging and non-imaging studies within the ABCD cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Searched PubMed and the ABCD Study research publications database.
  • Included neuroimaging articles on prevalence and predictors of disordered eating.
  • Focused on studies analyzing baseline brain data in children.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-eight articles were included; 10 presented neuroimaging results.
  • Structural MRI showed mixed results in gray matter density and cortical thickness.
  • fMRI studies reported inconsistent frontostriatal activation in reward processing.
  • Resting-state fMRI indicated reduced frontal circuit connectivity, varying by sex/BMI.
  • Non-imaging studies found associations between eating disorders and various correlates.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroimaging reveals brain structure and function alterations linked to binge eating in ABCD data, though results are inconsistent.
  • Potential alterations in the reward system are suggested but require clarification.
  • Methodological consistency is crucial for identifying clear neural patterns.
  • The ABCD dataset holds potential for studying developmental aspects of binge eating.