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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is not the sole echocardiographic phenotype associated with hyperthyroidism in cats: a

Pierre Foulex1,2,3, Benjamin Reslinger4, Maxime Kurtz4

  • 1Veranex France, Paris, France.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|February 26, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Hyperthyroidism in cats can cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) and other heart conditions like restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCMP). RCMP may indicate a more severe hyperthyroid state.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Cardiology
  • Companion Animal Medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype (HCMP) is recognized in hyperthyroid cats.
  • The association between hyperthyroidism and other feline cardiomyopathy phenotypes remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic findings in hyperthyroid cats.
  • To identify cardiomyopathy phenotypes in a large cohort of hyperthyroid cats.
  • To compare echocardiographic features of hyperthyroid cats with HCMP to euthyroid cats with primary HCM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of internal medicine and cardiology databases (2005-2025).
  • Inclusion of 147 hyperthyroid cats and 112 cats with primary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Main Results:

  • Eighty percent of hyperthyroid cats (117/147) displayed HCMP (64%), restrictive cardiomyopathy phenotype (RCMP; 14%), or nonspecific (2%) phenotypes.
  • Hyperthyroid cats with RCMP showed higher thyroxine levels and increased congestive heart failure incidence compared to those with HCMP.
  • Differences in left ventricular diameter and subaortic septal hypertrophy were noted between hyperthyroid-associated HCMP and primary HCM.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) is the most common, but not the only, echocardiographic phenotype in hyperthyroid cats.
  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy phenotype (RCMP) is the second most frequent phenotype.
  • RCMP in hyperthyroid cats may signify a more severe disease manifestation.
Abstract

Keywords:
congestive heart failureechocardiographyheartmyocardial diseaserestrictive cardiomyopathythyroxine

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