Integrating the experience sampling method and intersectionality to capture lived realities in nursing research

Intersectionality and the experience sampling method (ESM) are significant approaches that help identify real-time hidden patterns among marginalised and minority populations. The dominant research methods in nursing research are cross-sectional surveys (quantitative) and experiences of participants (qualitative). However, these methods fail to provide critical information on the dynamic, lived reality of oppression and privilege.

To understand the impact of oppression and privilege on daily life and how experiences are changing through intersectional analysis.

ESM is a novel approach and a crucial methodological evolution in research. ESM allows the analysis of 'who' people are to understand 'how' intersecting identities shape their daily lives. Hence, removal of the limitations of traditional survey methods and the introduction of ESM and intersectionality as a better-fit approach to fully capture inequity provides a strategic path for integration into nursing research, which is of great importance.

Adopting ESM and intersectionality research is an ethical and scientific imperative for nursing science, which is committed to addressing social justice, health equity and health inequalities.

By adopting ESM, nursing professionals can gain deeper insights into intersectional experiences (patterns of discrimination and stigma) to help tailor interventions and policies that reduce health inequities and disparities. ESM helps nurse researchers shift their focus from fixed traits to fluid, contextual realities to improve decision-making.