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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

The Establishment of a Murine Mandibular Molar Extraction Socket Healing Model
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Fracture of Rotary Instruments in Third Molar Extraction: Evidence from a Scoping Review.

Luca Gentili1, Roberto Fontanella2, Marco Messi1

  • 1Department of Odontostomatology, Carlo Urbani Hospital, 60036 Jesi, Italy.

Clinics and Practice
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Rotary instrument fracture during third molar extraction is a rare but significant complication. This review highlights causes, symptoms like pain, and varied management, emphasizing prevention and further research.

Keywords:
Odontectomybur fractureiatrogenic complicationsmandiblerotary instrumentssurgerysurgical complicationsthird molar

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Rotary instrument fracture during third molar extraction is an infrequent yet clinically significant event.
  • Such fractures pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of existing literature on rotary instrument (bur) breakage during third molar surgery.
  • To identify the causes, clinical presentations, and management strategies for fractured burs.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, Virtual Health Library, and Google Scholar.
  • Studies published between January 2008 and March 2025 concerning rotary instrument fracture in third molar extraction were included.
  • Qualitative analysis of extracted data from relevant studies was conducted.

Main Results:

  • Eleven clinical cases from eight studies were identified, all involving mandibular third molar extractions.
  • The most common symptoms reported were pain (45%), followed by swelling (27%) and trismus (18%).
  • Management approaches ranged from immediate surgical retrieval to conservative observation.

Conclusions:

  • Rotary bur fracture, though uncommon, necessitates preventive measures and meticulous reporting in third molar surgery.
  • Recommendations include adhering to manufacturer guidelines, utilizing single-use burs, and ensuring adequate irrigation.
  • Further prospective multicenter and mechanical studies are required to develop standardized management protocols.