Direct Contact Membrane Distillation: A Critical Review of Transmembrane Heat and Mass Transfer Models

Area of Science:

• Chemical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Environmental Science

Background:

• Membrane Distillation (MD) is a promising technology for water desalination.
• Existing literature provides extensive data on MD, but correlations for specific applications require synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and suggest suitable data and correlations for transmembrane heat and mass transport in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD).
• To aid in the development of models for DCMD systems, particularly those using hollow fiber designs.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review focusing on heat and mass transfer in MD.
• Analysis of saltwater physical properties relevant to MD processes.
• Identification of correlations applicable to typical DCMD operating conditions.

Main Results:

• Compilation of existing results and correlations for transmembrane heat and mass transport.
• Discussion on the physical properties of saltwater impacting MD performance.
• Identification of correlations suitable for Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) models.

Conclusions:

• The review provides essential data and correlations for modeling DCMD, especially for water desalination.
• Selected correlations are tailored for typical operating conditions in DCMD units.
• Findings support the advancement of DCMD technology for efficient water production.