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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
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Assessing High-Intensity Acceleration Efforts Using Local Positioning System-Introducing the Concept of the Relative

Christian Bielmann1,2, Karin Fischer-Sonderegger1, Quirin Söhnlein3

  • 1Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM, 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland.

Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current ice hockey acceleration assessments are flawed. This study introduces a relative acceleration threshold accounting for initial speed, offering a more accurate measure of intense efforts, especially at higher speeds.

Keywords:
accelerationexternal loadice hockeykinematiclocal positioning systemplayer trackingteam sportswearable technology

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Ice Hockey Performance Analysis

Background:

  • Existing methods for assessing acceleration efforts (accefforts) in ice hockey do not account for initial skating speed.
  • This omission can lead to a biased evaluation of acceffort intensity and neuromuscularly intense efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the conceptual approach of the relative acceleration threshold (relthreshold) to ice hockey.
  • Outline the potential benefits of relthreshold for assessing accefforts.
  • Compare accefforts assessed by relthreshold versus a fixed threshold.

Main Methods:

  • Modeled initial-skating-speed-dependent maximal voluntary acceleration capacity (amax-vinit capacity) using locomotion data from 17 players across 10 games.
  • Determined a team-specific relthreshold (relthreshold_75% = 3.23 - 0.365vinit).
  • Assessed accefforts using both relthreshold_75% and a fixed threshold (fixthreshold_2 = 2 m·s-2).

Main Results:

  • The fixed threshold assessed 89.1 ± 35.8% more accefforts than the relative threshold.
  • Only one-third of the fixed threshold's accefforts exceeded the relative threshold, indicating true neuromuscularly intense efforts.
  • At skating speeds >4 m·s-1, the fixed threshold assessed negligible accefforts, while the relative threshold assessed 27.2 ± 9.3% of its total accefforts.

Conclusions:

  • An acceleration threshold adapted to initial skating speed provides a conceptually more valid approach to assessing accefforts in ice hockey.
  • The relative acceleration threshold method offers a more nuanced evaluation of high-intensity efforts.
  • Findings suggest a need to revise current ice hockey performance analysis methods.