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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Determining Genetic Expression Profiles in C. elegans Using Microarray and Real-time PCR

Determining Genetic Expression Profiles in C. elegans Using Microarray and Real-time PCR

Published on: July 30, 2011

Visualizing application of RUBY-MAT system in maize genetic transformation and gene expression pattern detection.

Tengfei Jia^1,2, Shuai Zhao², Xiangyu Zhang^1,2

¹Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China.

Plant Cell Reports

|February 26, 2026

Summary

The novel RUBY-MAT system enables efficient Agrobacterium-mediated maize transformation and visual gene expression analysis. This system uses the RUBY reporter for non-invasive monitoring of positive transformation events and precise spatiotemporal gene expression patterns.

Keywords:

Betalain Genetic transformation Maize RUBY-MAT

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Last Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Determining Genetic Expression Profiles in C. elegans Using Microarray and Real-time PCR

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Published on: March 28, 2025

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

Area of Science:

Plant Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Maize genetic improvement requires efficient transformation and gene expression monitoring.
Existing methods for monitoring gene expression in maize can be limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and apply the RUBY-MAT system for Agrobacterium-mediated maize transformation.
To enable precise spatiotemporal gene expression analysis in maize using the RUBY reporter.

Main Methods:

Integration of the RUBY reporter and MAT (morphogene-assisted transformation) module.
Application in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of maize immature embryos.
Visual monitoring of transformation events via betalain production.
Real-time dynamic expression monitoring of specific promoters.

Main Results:

Successful application of the RUBY-MAT system in maize transformation.
Early, non-invasive detection of positive transformation events as early as 7 days post-culture.
RUBY reporter accurately reflects spatiotemporal gene expression patterns driven by different promoters.
Quantitative analysis shows a strong linear correlation between betalain absorbance and promoter activity.

Conclusions:

The RUBY-MAT system provides robust technical support for maize genetic transformation and functional gene analysis.
The RUBY reporter serves as a reliable quantitative tool for monitoring transformation efficiency and gene expression at tissue and cellular levels.
The system demonstrates broad application potential in both field and laboratory studies for maize improvement.