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Systemic Delivery of Functional Proteins Into Plants Using an Engineered Membrane Translocation Domain.

Jiyang Wang1, Preeti Patel1, Prabhat Bhat2

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Plant Biotechnology Journal
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new engineered protein delivery system, MTD4, enables efficient, systemic uptake of biopesticides in plants. This technology significantly enhances crop protection against diseases, reducing reliance on chemical applications for sustainable agriculture.

Keywords:
cell penetrationdefence activatormembrane translocationprotein deliverysustainable agriculture

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Agricultural science
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Protein-based biopesticides and biostimulants are vital for sustainable agriculture.
  • Current protein delivery methods into plant cells are inefficient and lack systemic activity for crop production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel engineered membrane translocation domain (MTD4) for robust and scalable protein delivery into crops.
  • To demonstrate MTD4's ability to facilitate systemic protein translocation throughout the plant.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered MTD4 for efficient foliar and root-to-shoot protein delivery.
  • Fused MTD4 to harpin protein HrpZ (MTD4-HrpZ) to test its efficacy in triggering plant defense responses.
  • Applied MTD4-HrpZ to tobacco and tomato plants to assess disease reduction.

Main Results:

  • MTD4 enabled rapid foliar delivery and systemic translocation of a model protein (SEP) from leaves and roots.
  • MTD4-HrpZ induced a potent hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance in plants.
  • Significant reductions in bacterial and fungal disease severity were observed, with MTD4-HrpZ being over five times more effective than HrpZ alone.

Conclusions:

  • MTD4 is a transformative tool for overcoming protein delivery barriers in plants.
  • This platform enables a new generation of high-potency biotherapeutics for advanced sustainable crop protection.
  • MTD4 technology can reduce dependence on chemical pesticides in agriculture.