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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

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The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
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Preterm infants: immunity and immunisation.

Anna Calvert1,2, Emily Shaw3, Christine E Jones4,5

  • 1Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection and Vaccine Institute, City St George's University of London, London, UK a.calvert1@nhs.net.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preterm birth impacts infant immunity, affecting responses to vaccines and increasing infectious disease risks. Healthcare professionals and parents need clear information on vaccination for preterm infants, including potential side effects.

Keywords:
Infectious Disease MedicineNeonatology

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neonatal Health
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Preterm birth affects 7-8% of UK pregnancies.
  • Preterm infants exhibit altered immunological responses.
  • Vaccination in preterm infants raises specific concerns regarding efficacy and side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunological consequences of preterm birth.
  • To discuss epidemiological differences in infectious diseases in preterm populations.
  • To explore immunity following vaccination in preterm infants and during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunological and epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of vaccine response data in preterm infants.
  • Examination of concerns regarding vaccine side effects in this population.

Main Results:

  • Preterm birth is associated with distinct immunological profiles.
  • Infectious disease epidemiology differs in preterm populations.
  • Vaccine immunity and side effect profiles require specific consideration for preterm infants.

Conclusions:

  • Informed decision-making for healthcare professionals and parents is crucial.
  • Understanding vaccination nuances in preterm infants is essential for optimal health outcomes.
  • Further research may be needed to optimize vaccination strategies for preterm infants.