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Integrating machine learning techniques for critical node identification in complex networks.

Madupuri ReddyPriya1, Murali Krishna Enduri2, Koduru Hajarathaiah3

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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|February 26, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a machine learning approach to identify influential nodes in complex networks, outperforming traditional methods. The framework integrates network structure with infection dynamics for better prediction in propagation scenarios.

Keywords:
CentralityComplex networksMachine learningVital nodes

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Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Computational Social Science
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Identifying influential nodes is critical for network analysis in areas like epidemic control.
  • Traditional centrality measures often fail to capture complex node behaviors in dynamic scenarios.
  • Existing methods neglect nonlinear dependencies between topological features and spreading capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a machine learning-based framework for accurate identification of influential nodes.
  • To overcome limitations of traditional centrality measures in dynamic network transmission.
  • To integrate network topology with disease spread dynamics for enhanced node prominence prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed node feature vectors integrating infection rate and topological features.
  • Utilized SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) and IC (Independent Cascade) models for propagation simulations.
  • Evaluated standalone classifiers (SVM, KNN, Random Forests) and a hybrid SVM+K-means approach.

Main Results:

  • The proposed machine learning framework significantly outperforms traditional centrality measures.
  • The hybrid SVM+K-means approach effectively captures complex relationships between node features and spreading ability.
  • Accuracy in identifying influential nodes improved by 15% to 45% compared to conventional methods.

Conclusions:

  • Machine learning combined with network properties offers an effective and scalable strategy for identifying essential nodes.
  • The proposed approach enhances the accuracy of influential node detection in complex networks.
  • Integrating dynamic properties like infection rate improves the prediction of node spreading ability.