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Related Concept Videos

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Toll-like Receptor 3 is Required for Sensing Extracellular Double Stranded RNA in Salmonid Cells.

Bertrand Collet1, Catherine Collins2,3,4, Mathilde Peruzzi2

  • 1Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Saclay (UPS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaire (VIM), Jouy-en-Josas, France. bertrand.collet@inrae.fr.

Marine Biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is crucial for detecting viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Researchers found the CHSE-EC fish cell line lacks TLR3 due to a chromosome deletion, hindering its immune response to dsRNA.

Keywords:
Antiviral immunityCHSE-ECChinook salmonSignallingTLR3Toll-like receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Aquaculture

Background:

  • Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and initiates antiviral immune responses via TRIF signaling.
  • The CHSE-214 salmonid cell line and its derivative CHSE-EC are widely used in fish virology but exhibit an unresponsiveness to extracellular poly(I:C), a synthetic dsRNA analogue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular basis for the lack of extracellular dsRNA responsiveness in the CHSE-EC cell line.
  • To restore dsRNA responsiveness in CHSE-EC cells and characterize the underlying signaling pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic analysis to identify gene deletions in CHSE-EC cells.
  • Stable transfection of CHSE-EC cells with a TLR3-expressing plasmid to create a functional cell line (TLR3-Pur-C4).
  • Genome editing to perform loss-of-function studies and analyze signaling pathways (TRIF-dependent, MYD88-independent).

Main Results:

  • The CHSE-EC genome is deficient in the tlr3 gene and a significant portion of chromosome 34.
  • Stable transfection with a tlr3-expressing plasmid restored dose-dependent responsiveness to both low and high molecular weight poly(I:C) in the TLR3-Pur-C4 cell line.
  • Loss-of-function studies confirmed that TLR3-mediated poly(I:C) signaling is dependent on TRIF and independent of MYD88.

Conclusions:

  • The absence of the tlr3 gene on chromosome 34 explains the impaired dsRNA recognition in CHSE-EC cells.
  • The study successfully re-established a functional dsRNA sensing system in a fish cell line, enabling further research into fish antiviral immunity.
  • The findings elucidate the specific signaling pathway (TRIF-dependent, MYD88-independent) utilized by TLR3 in this fish model.