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Augmented reality enhances competency-based training in simulated vaginal birth: A multicenter randomized controlled

María Teresa Valenzuela1, José A Poblete2, Milena Zamboni3

  • 1Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Chile.

Medical Teacher
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Augmented reality (AR) training significantly improved student performance in simulated vaginal births compared to traditional methods. This innovative approach enhances competency and broadens access to obstetric procedural training.

Keywords:
Augmented realitycompetency-based educationmedical educationsimulation trainingvaginal birth

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Simulation Technology

Background:

  • High-fidelity simulators are crucial for obstetrics training but are often inaccessible.
  • Augmented reality (AR) presents a scalable solution for pre-simulation learning.
  • This study investigates AR's effectiveness in improving skills for simulated vaginal births.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if AR-based training enhances student performance in simulated vaginal births.
  • To compare AR training with traditional text- and video-based preparation methods.
  • To assess the impact of AR on competency attainment and student satisfaction.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 401 students.
  • Participants were assigned to either AR-based training or conventional preparation.
  • Performance was assessed using a validated Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) checklist during high-fidelity simulations.

Main Results:

  • The AR group achieved significantly higher DOPS scores (11.9 vs 10.6; p < .001) and critical task completion (3.6 vs 3.3; p < .001).
  • The proportion of students reaching the minimum competency threshold doubled in the AR group (12.8% vs 6.2%; p < .05).
  • Both groups reported high satisfaction, with AR users suggesting improvements in realism.

Conclusions:

  • AR-based pre-simulation training effectively enhances performance and competency in simulated vaginal birth care.
  • This scalable and cost-effective method complements traditional simulation techniques.
  • AR training broadens access to quality procedural education in obstetrics, supporting competency-based medical education.