Psychological Intervention Strategies in Adolescents with Asthma: A Review of the Literature

Background/Objectives: Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in adolescence, a stage in which its management may be affected by developmental changes. The aim of the present study was to examine the core areas of psychological interventions in adolescents with asthma. Methods: A scientific search of the literature was conducted, identifying 26 articles that described intervention programs targeting this population. Results: The findings show heterogeneity both in the characteristics of these interventions and in the variables assessed. Moreover, numerous studies do not clearly specify the theoretical framework employed, nor do they consider relevant factors such as comorbidity or the differing levels of disease severity. These limitations hinder the replicability and generalization of the results, as well as the understanding of psychological and behavioral impact. Conclusions: Therefore, the need to advance research that develops personalized programs integrating relevant aspects and improving quality of life and clinical outcomes is highlighted. Nevertheless, the interpretation of these findings is limited by the heterogeneity of the available evidence, including variability in intervention formats, theoretical frameworks, and outcome measures.