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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation

The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation

Published on: July 22, 2019

Beyond Alignment: Static Coronal Alterations Do Not Predict Dynamic Foot Loading or Spatiotemporal Gait Patterns

Dimitrios Ntourantonis^1,2, Ilias Iliopoulos³, Konstantinos Pantazis⁴

¹Emergency Department, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

|February 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Static coronal alignment after total knee replacement (TKR) does not consistently correlate with dynamic foot loading or gait. Radiographic alignment alone may not fully capture functional outcomes post-TKR.

Keywords:

baropodometry coronal alignment dynamic plantar pressure femorotibial angle knee osteoarthritis spatiotemporal gait parameters total knee arthroplasty total knee replacement

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Biomechanics
Gait Analysis

Background:

Static coronal alignment is crucial for lower limb biomechanics post-total knee replacement (TKR).
The link between coronal alignment and dynamic foot loading/gait post-TKR is not well understood.
Investigating this relationship is key for optimizing TKR outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the correlation between lower limb coronal alignment and dynamic plantar pressures.
To assess the relationship between coronal alignment and spatiotemporal gait parameters after unilateral TKR for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 32 patients undergoing TKR.
Plantar pressure distribution and gait parameters measured using a plantar pressure analysis system (PPAS).
Coronal alignment assessed via femorotibial angle (FTA) preoperatively and postoperatively.

Main Results:

No consistent association found between dynamic plantar pressures/gait parameters and pre- or postoperative FTA.
The degree of coronal alignment correction did not significantly impact baropodometric outcomes.
Static alignment did not predict dynamic functional measures at six months post-TKR.

Conclusions:

Static coronal alignment (FTA) is not consistently associated with dynamic plantar pressure or gait parameters six months after TKR.
Findings suggest limitations in using static radiographic measures to evaluate complex functional outcomes like gait post-TKR.
Further research may be needed to explore other factors influencing gait post-TKR.