Progress in the Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Collagen

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Biotechnology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Recombinant collagen offers advantages like higher bioactive domains, antioxidant activity, pathogen absence, hydrophilicity, reproducibility, and low immunogenicity.
• Its applications span biomaterials, pharmaceuticals, and skincare.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review expression systems for recombinant collagen.
• To compare separation and purification techniques.
• To summarize characterization methods for physicochemical and biological properties.

Main Methods:

• Exploration of expression systems (E. coli, Pichia pastoris, plants, insect baculovirus, mammalian cells).
• Analysis of purification methods (precipitation, affinity, ion-exchange, gel filtration chromatography).
• Summary of characterization techniques (SEM, DSC, CD, SDS-PAGE, MS, FTIR, cell assays).

Main Results:

• Expression systems vary in production efficiency, post-translational modification, and cost.
• Purification techniques differ in applicability and outcomes.
• Characterization methods assess physicochemical properties and biological functions like cell proliferation and wound healing.

Conclusions:

• Recombinant collagen production is advancing with diverse expression and purification strategies.
• Further research is needed to reduce costs, refine cosmetic testing, and improve safety evaluations.