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Examining the Relationship Between State Anxiety, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Peer Defending Using Virtual Reality.

Anna MacGillivray1, Julia Byron1, Ralph Redden1

  • 1Department of Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Witnessing bullying can increase anxiety, influencing bystander intervention. Anxiety sensitivity moderates this effect: low sensitivity increases defending, while high sensitivity decreases it, impacting youth bullying prevention strategies.

Keywords:
anxietyanxiety sensitivitybullyingbystander interventionpeer defending

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Cyberpsychology

Background:

  • Bullying is a significant threat to youth well-being.
  • Witnessing bullying can induce anxiety, particularly in those with prior victimization.
  • Anxiety influences bystander behavior in social situations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay of bullying victimization, state anxiety, and anxiety sensitivity on defending behaviors.
  • To examine how these factors influence bystander intervention in social exclusion scenarios within a virtual reality (VR) environment.

Main Methods:

  • 40 undergraduate participants completed self-report measures.
  • Participants engaged in an in-lab virtual reality (VR) task simulating social exclusion.
  • A moderated mediation model was used to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Bullying victimization was not directly related to state anxiety.
  • Anxiety sensitivity moderated the relationship between state anxiety and peer defending.
  • Low anxiety sensitivity correlated with increased defending as state anxiety rose; high anxiety sensitivity showed the opposite trend.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety sensitivity plays a crucial role in how state anxiety affects bystander intervention in bullying situations.
  • Bullying prevention programs should integrate strategies to manage anxiety sensitivity to enhance peer defending.
  • Virtual reality (VR) offers a viable environment for studying bystander behavior in bullying contexts.