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Controlling Biogenesis and Engineering of Exosomes to Inhibit Growth and Promote Death in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Srikar Alapati1, Swapan K Ray1
1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA.
Brain Sciences
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Glioblastoma multiforme cells use exosomes to resist therapy. Targeting exosome production or using engineered exosomes to deliver anti-cancer drugs offers new glioblastoma treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Nanomedicine
Background:
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) exhibits aggressive growth and resistance to current therapies.
- Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles, critically enable GBM therapy resistance by facilitating oncogenic signaling.
- Targeting tumor communication via exosomes is a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current insights into exosome-based therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma.
- To explore inhibiting exosome biogenesis and secretion as a treatment approach.
- To discuss engineering exosomes for targeted anti-tumor molecular cargo delivery.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on exosome biogenesis regulators (ESCRT, TSG101, ceramide, Rab GTPases).
- Analysis of strategies targeting these regulators to suppress angiogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis.
- Examination of exosome engineering techniques (siRNA, miRNA, drug loading) for targeted delivery.
Main Results:
- Inhibiting exosome formation pathways can reduce GBM survival factors.
- Targeting exosome regulators shows promise in suppressing angiogenesis, autophagy, and sensitizing cells to apoptosis.
- Engineered exosomes can deliver therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier, reprogramming the tumor microenvironment.
Conclusions:
- Modulating endogenous exosome biogenesis can interrupt GBM's therapy resistance mechanisms.
- Engineered exosomes offer a precision delivery system for anti-cancer agents.
- Combined strategies targeting exosome pathways and utilizing engineered exosomes hold potential for GBM treatment.
Keywords:
angiogenesisapoptosisautophagyexosome biogenesis and engineeringglioblastoma multiforme (GBM)therapy resistanceMore Related Videos
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