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Updated: Feb 28, 2026
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Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
Published on: July 18, 2017
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Etiopathogenesis and Antibacterial Therapy Approach in Patients with Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis-A Retrospective
Valentin Mitroi1,2, Bogdan Mastalier1,3, Dumitru Dragos Chitca1,3
1Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Acute obstructive pyelonephritis (AOP) is often caused by urolithiasis and common bacteria like Escherichia coli. Tailoring antibiotic therapy based on local resistance patterns, especially for multidrug-resistant bacteria, is crucial for effective AOP management.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Acute obstructive pyelonephritis (AOP) is a serious condition combining infection and urinary tract blockage.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are vital due to potential severe outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the microbial causes, obstruction types, treatments, and outcomes of AOP.
- To analyze antibiotic resistance patterns in AOP patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 100 AOP patients treated between January 2020 and December 2024.
- Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, pathogens, antibiotic use, and clinical outcomes.
Main Results:
- Urolithiasis was the primary cause of obstruction (62%).
- Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (58%), with significant rates of ESBL-producing (18%) and MDR bacteria (29%).
- Fluoroquinolones were most frequently used, while carbapenems were reserved for ESBL/MDR infections.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing AOP treatment requires combining clinical guidelines with knowledge of regional bacterial susceptibility.
- Effective management, especially for patients with comorbidities, necessitates tailored antimicrobial strategies to combat resistance.
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