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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

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Left Atrial Size Modification After Catheter Ablation Predicts Late Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence.

Yung-Lung Chen1,2,3, Bang-Yan Hou1, Hsiang-Hsuan Chen1

  • 1Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Ksohsiung 833401, Taiwan.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated left atrial volume index (LAVI) before and after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation predicts late recurrence. Persistent LAVI indicates poor outcomes, suggesting serial assessment for risk stratification.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationlate recurrenceleft atrial volume indexradiofrequency ablationremodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) aims to restore sinus rhythm.
  • Late recurrence of AF after ablation is common, and left atrial (LA) size is a known predictor.
  • The prognostic value of early post-ablation LA remodeling is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if pre-ablation and early post-ablation LA volume index (LAVI) predict late atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence after AF ablation.
  • To assess the role of LA remodeling in predicting long-term outcomes post-ablation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective single-center study of 408 adults undergoing first AF ablation (2013-2021).
  • LA volume index (LAVI) measured by echocardiography pre-ablation and at 6 and 12 months post-ablation.
  • Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models identified predictors of late recurrence (LR).

Main Results:

  • 157 (38.5%) patients experienced LR.
  • Higher pre-ablation and post-ablation LAVI were independent predictors of LR.
  • Pre- and post-ablation LAVI showed modest discrimination for LR (AUC < 0.65).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated LAVI before and early after AF ablation independently predicts LR.
  • Limited LA reverse remodeling post-ablation, indicated by persistently high LAVI, correlates with unfavorable rhythm outcomes.
  • Serial LAVI assessment may improve post-ablation risk stratification.