Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

269
Body:After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt...
269
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution01:27

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution

1.4K
The pharmacokinetic journey of drugs from solid oral dosage forms into systemic circulation is multifaceted. It begins with disintegration, a prerequisite ensuring a solid dosage form's subdivision into minute particles. Dissolution occurs next as these granulated entities solubilize in gastrointestinal fluids. This solubilization is crucial for the succeeding stage, permeation, which describes the traversal of the drug across the intestinal membrane and its subsequent entry into the blood...
1.4K
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

664
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
664
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters01:22

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters

1.1K
The physicochemical characteristics of drugs play a crucial role in formulating stable and bioavailable drug products. The solubility of a drug, governed by the varying pH along the GI tract and its dissociation constant (pKa), is pivotal in determining its ionization state and absorption rate. Notably, weak acids and bases remain unionized and are absorbed more rapidly.
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...
1.1K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

624
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
624
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement01:16

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement

345
Body:Bioavailability is a critical factor in determining a drug's effectiveness. It refers to the proportion of a drug that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and is, as a result, able to have an active effect. Enhancing bioavailability is essential for drugs with poor solubility, as it can significantly impact their therapeutic efficacy. Various methods are employed to increase the solubility of drugs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability.Micronization and nanonization are...
345

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Characterization of <i>Candida</i> spp. from the urinary tract: antifungal susceptibility and virulence traits.

Journal of medical microbiology·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Unveiling the impact of membrane fluidity in shaping lipid-based drug delivery systems development." [Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) - Biomembr. Volume 1868, Issue 1, January 2026, 184461].

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes·2025
Same author

Unveiling the impact of membrane fluidity in shaping lipid-based drug delivery systems development.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes·2025
Same author

Correction: Polymeric nanocarriers for cancer treatment: the promise of sensitive poly(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate).

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2025
Same author

Integrating microfluidics and streamlined remote drug loading: one step closer to continuous manufacturing of liposomal injectables containing small drugs.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

Polymeric nanocarriers for cancer treatment: the promise of sensitive poly(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate).

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
09:44

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

Published on: September 26, 2025

608

Characterization of Liquid Formulations for Enhanced Buccal Permeation: Exploring Key Attributes.

Ariana Sena1, Andreia Tabanez1, Francisca Bastos1

  • 1Bluepharma-Indústria Farmacêutica S.A., São Martinho do Bispo, 3045-016 Coimbra, Portugal.

Biomedicines
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing buccal drug delivery requires formulations with enhanced adhesion and viscosity for longer residence time. Higher hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) concentrations improved these properties, leading to increased drug flux and efficacy for oromucosal products.

Keywords:
adhesionbuccal mucosahydroxypropyl cellulosepermeabilityresidence timeviscosity

More Related Videos

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
11:27

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients

Published on: August 9, 2022

2.6K
Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging
11:07

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Published on: November 24, 2021

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
09:44

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

Published on: September 26, 2025

608
A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
11:27

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients

Published on: August 9, 2022

2.6K
Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging
11:07

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Published on: November 24, 2021

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Buccal administration bypasses first-pass metabolism, enhancing drug bioavailability compared to oral routes.
  • Effective buccal drug delivery relies on formulations maintaining prolonged contact with the oral mucosa.
  • Adhesion and viscosity are critical formulation attributes influencing drug residence time at the buccal site.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) concentration on buccal formulation properties.
  • To correlate formulation attributes (adhesion, viscosity) with drug residence time and permeation.
  • To evaluate the combined effect of formulation and permeation enhancers on drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Buccal formulations with varying HPC concentrations were prepared and characterized for adhesion, viscosity, and residence time.
  • In vitro and ex vivo drug permeation studies were conducted using biomimetic membranes and porcine buccal tissue.
  • The permeation enhancer benzalkonium chloride (BKC) was incorporated to assess its effect on drug transport.

Main Results:

  • Increased HPC concentration enhanced formulation adhesion and viscosity, with 2% HPC showing optimal results.
  • Higher HPC concentrations correlated with significantly longer drug residence times at the buccal mucosa.
  • Despite a slight decrease in apparent permeability, drug flux increased 1.6-fold with 2% HPC due to improved residence time.
  • Benzalkonium chloride further boosted drug permeation, increasing apparent permeability by 1.5-fold (vs. 2% HPC) and 2.5-fold (vs. no HPC).

Conclusions:

  • Buccal liquid preparation efficacy is significantly influenced by the interplay between residence time and drug permeation.
  • Adhesion and viscosity synergistically enhance residence time, crucial for effective buccal drug delivery.
  • Systematic assessment of adhesion and viscosity is vital during the development of oromucosal drug products.