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Transforming Gastric Biopsy Diagnostics: Integrating Omics Technologies and Artificial Intelligence
1Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Muscat 123, Oman.
Biomedicines
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Multi-omics and artificial intelligence (AI) are revolutionizing gastric biopsy diagnostics for conditions like H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. These advanced technologies improve accuracy, enabling precision classification and risk stratification for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Computational Pathology
- Integration of multi-omics and AI in diagnostics
Background:
- Gastric biopsy is crucial for diagnosing various gastric conditions but faces limitations like interobserver variability and sampling issues.
- Current methods struggle to capture molecular details and predict disease progression accurately.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review how multi-omics technologies and AI are transforming gastric biopsy diagnostics.
- To highlight advancements in precision classification, risk stratification, and workflow efficiency.
Main Methods:
- Narrative synthesis of literature on gastric pathology, multi-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, spatial), and AI in endoscopy and computational pathology.
Main Results:
- Multi-omics profiling deepens understanding of disease mechanisms, aiding classification and biomarker discovery.
- AI shows high accuracy in endoscopy for lesion detection and in pathology for classifying precancerous conditions and H. pylori.
- AI and multi-omics integration enhance diagnostic accuracy and feasibility for real-time applications.
Conclusions:
- The integration of AI and multi-omics is advancing gastric biopsy diagnostics from descriptive histology to data-driven precision gastroenterology.
- Overcoming barriers such as dataset quality, standardization, interpretability, cost, and governance is crucial for clinical adoption.
