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Emerging Multi-Source Transmission of SFTS Virus on a Remote Japanese Island: A One-Health Perspective
Ryosaku Oshiro1,2, Motoki Ihara1,3, Catarina Harumi Oda Ibrahim1,4
1Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 27, 2026
Summary
A cross-species outbreak of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) occurred in cats and humans on a Nagasaki island. The study highlights complex transmission dynamics and the need for integrated surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Tick-borne viral infections pose a growing global health risk.
- Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) has high mortality rates.
- Multi-host outbreaks of SFTSV are rarely documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate a consecutive, cross-species outbreak of SFTSV disease.
- To analyze viral genomic and haplotype data for infection dynamics.
- To understand transmission pathways in a multi-host setting.
Main Methods:
- Molecular phylogenetic analysis of viral genomes.
- Haplotype network analysis.
- Interdisciplinary investigation of an SFTSV outbreak.
Main Results:
- An outbreak involved four cats and four humans between April and May 2024.
- Genomic analysis showed high similarity to existing Nagasaki SFTSV strains.
- Haplotype analysis suggested multiple introductions and complex transmission.
Conclusions:
- The findings underscore the need for a One Health approach for tick-borne virus control.
- Integrated human, animal, and vector surveillance is critical.
- Understanding complex transmission is key to managing SFTSV globally.
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