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Occupational Cancer Mortality Trends in Brazil, 1990-2023.

Louise Moura de Rezende1, Cristiane de Oliveira Novaes2,3, Clara Soares Rosas2

  • 1Graduate Program in Environment and Public Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil 4036, 10th Floor, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Occupational cancer mortality in Brazil has decreased overall, but significant regional and gender disparities persist. Continued efforts are needed to address these inequalities in cancer prevention and control.

Keywords:
health inequalitiesneoplasm mortalityoccupational exposureoccupational health surveillancework-related cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Occupational Medicine

Background:

  • Occupational cancer poses a significant public health burden globally.
  • Understanding temporal trends and disparities in occupational cancer mortality is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze temporal trends in occupational cancer mortality in Brazil and its federative units from 1990 to 2023.
  • To identify regional and gender disparities in occupational cancer mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological time-series analysis using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.
  • Inclusion of deaths from malignant neoplasms attributable to occupational exposures.
  • Application of segmented regression (Joinpoint) to calculate Annual Percent Change (APC) and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC), stratified by sex.

Main Results:

  • National decline in occupational cancer mortality (AAPC = -1.08%), with greater reduction in men.
  • Significant regional variations: South, Southeast, and Midwest showed declines, while North and Northeast had stable or increasing rates, particularly in women.
  • Recent declines coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting potential underdiagnosis or underreporting.

Conclusions:

  • Despite a national decrease, persistent regional and gender inequalities in occupational cancer mortality exist in Brazil.
  • Territorial, economic, and occupational factors influence these disparities.
  • Enhanced surveillance, updated exposure registries, and targeted policies are recommended for improved prevention and control.