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Reducing the Length of Hospitalization for Premature Infants Using a Quality Improvement Project.

Ilan Segal1, Hanna Shaferman2, Evgenia Gurevich2,3

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|February 27, 2026
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Summary

Quality improvement initiatives significantly shortened neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) length of stay for preterm infants. Standardized discharge processes improved outcomes and resource use.

Keywords:
NICUdischarge planninglength of staypreterm infantsquality improvement

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Quality Improvement Science
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Preterm infants frequently face prolonged hospital stays in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  • Unnecessary delays in discharge contribute to increased healthcare costs and resource strain.
  • Optimizing discharge processes is crucial for improving care efficiency for vulnerable preterm populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement and evaluate a quality improvement (QI) project focused on reducing length of stay (LOS) for preterm infants.
  • To assess the impact of standardized discharge planning on NICU outcomes.
  • To identify best practices for enhancing discharge efficiency in neonatal care.

Main Methods:

  • A before-and-after intervention study design was employed.
  • The study included preterm infants (28 + 0 to 33 + 6 weeks gestation).
  • Interventions included enhanced discharge planning, standardized checklists, parental education, and team coordination.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant reduction in LOS was observed post-intervention (p=0.01).
  • Postmenstrual age at discharge also decreased significantly (p<0.01).
  • No significant differences were found in discharge weight or 7-day readmission rates.

Conclusions:

  • QI interventions, including standardized discharge procedures, are effective in reducing LOS for preterm infants.
  • These standardized protocols can lead to improved patient outcomes and better resource utilization within NICUs.
  • The findings support the broader adoption of structured discharge processes in neonatal care settings.