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Infection

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions

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Published on: April 5, 2024

Neospora caninum: Recent Progress in Host-Pathogen Interactions, Molecular Insights, and Control Strategies.

Karim Debache¹, Andrew Hemphill²

¹Debache Switzerland, Heimstrasse 70, 3018 Bern, Switzerland.

|February 27, 2026

Summary

Neospora caninum causes cattle abortion, impacting economies globally. Recent advances in diagnostics, molecular mechanisms, and control strategies offer new hope for managing neosporosis, though practical application remains a challenge.

Keywords:

CRISPR/Cas9 Neospora caninum apicomplexa diagnosis drug targets epidemiology vaccine vertical transmission virulence

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Published on: April 12, 2017

Area of Science:

Veterinary Parasitology
Molecular Biology
Immunology

Background:

Neospora caninum is a significant cause of bovine abortion, leading to substantial economic losses worldwide.
Understanding host-pathogen interactions is crucial for developing effective control strategies against neosporosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements (last 10 years) in Neospora caninum research.
To provide an overview of host-pathogen interactions, molecular mechanisms, and control strategies.
To contextualize new findings with existing knowledge on neosporosis.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on Neospora caninum.
Analysis of novel diagnostic tools, epidemiological studies, and molecular techniques like CRISPR/Cas9.
Examination of research on immune responses, vaccine development, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

Development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for Neospora caninum detection.
Elucidation of parasite transmission dynamics influenced by environmental and genetic factors.
Progress in understanding virulence factors, immune evasion, and parasite persistence.
Promising therapeutic strategies including repurposed drugs and novel delivery systems.

Conclusions:

Integrated "One Health" strategies are vital for managing Neospora caninum transmission.
Advances in molecular tools and immunological insights are driving vaccine and therapeutic development.
Translating research findings into practical applications for neosporosis control remains a key challenge.