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High-throughput Siderophore Screening from Environmental Samples: Plant Tissues, Bulk Soils, and Rhizosphere Soils

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Siderophore-Producing Bacteria from the Santiago River: A Quantitative Study and Biocomposite Applications.

Mariana R Corona-Ramírez¹, Nidia N García-Valdez², Luis A Romero-Cano¹

¹Grupo de Investigación en Materiales y Fenómenos de Superficie, Departamento de Biotecnológicas y Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, Zapopan C.P. 45129, Jalisco, Mexico.

|February 27, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a novel biocomposite using Bacillus thuringiensis immobilized on activated carbon to remediate heavy metals. This carbon-bacteria biocomposite (CBM) shows enhanced copper removal and reduced effluent toxicity, offering a sustainable solution for contaminated water bodies.

Keywords:

Bacillus thuringiensis Jalisco Lerma–Chapala Basin batch adsorption of copper biosorption carbon-based biocomposite

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Area of Science:

Environmental Microbiology
Biomaterials Science
Water Remediation Technologies

Background:

The Santiago River suffers severe heavy metal contamination, threatening aquatic life.
Microbial communities adapt by producing siderophores, valuable for biomaterial development.
Heavy metals like copper pose significant environmental and health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel carbon-bacteria biocomposite (CBM) for heavy metal remediation.
To assess the efficacy of CBM in removing copper ions (Cu(II)) from contaminated water.
To investigate the potential of CBM for reducing effluent toxicity.

Main Methods:

Isolation and screening of native bacterial strains for siderophore production.
Identification of Bacillus thuringiensis and its immobilization onto activated carbon to create CBM.
Batch adsorption experiments to determine Cu(II) sorption capacity of CBM.
Acute toxicity assays using Vibrio fischeri to evaluate CBM-treated effluent.

Main Results:

The CBM demonstrated a 23.9% higher maximum Cu(II) sorption capacity compared to pristine activated carbon.
CBM effectively removed Cu(II) from contaminated water.
Toxicity assays showed reduced toxicity in effluents treated with CBM.

Conclusions:

The developed carbon-bacteria biocomposite (CBM) is a feasible and effective biomaterial for heavy metal remediation.
CBM offers enhanced performance over traditional activated carbon for copper removal.
This approach presents a promising strategy for treating heavy metal-polluted water bodies.