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Paramyxoviruses in Bats in Poland-The First Detection.
Anna Orłowska1, Karol Stasiak1, Jerzy Rola1
1Department of Virology and Viral Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Patyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Paramyxoviruses were detected in new Polish bat species, including *Cnephaeus serotinus* and *Cnephaeus nilsonii*. Phylogenetic analysis shows these viruses are closely linked to their bat hosts and geographic origin.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Zoonotic Disease Research
- Bat Ecology
Background:
- Bats host numerous diseases with potential for human and livestock transmission.
- Understanding paramyxovirus diversity and spread in European bats is crucial but limited.
- European bat populations are reservoirs for various viral pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the first detection of paramyxoviruses in Poland.
- To identify novel bat species as paramyxovirus hosts.
- To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of detected paramyxoviruses.
Main Methods:
- Viral RNA extraction from fecal and intestinal bat samples.
- Semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for viral detection.
- Sanger sequencing and comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of paramyxovirus sequences.
Main Results:
- First detection of paramyxoviruses in Poland, including in *Cnephaeus serotinus*, *Cnephaeus nilsonii*, and *Myotis daubentonii*.
- Identification of two previously unrecognized bat species as paramyxovirus hosts.
- Phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses revealed strong host-virus and geographic origin correlations.
Conclusions:
- Paramyxoviruses exhibit significant host-specificity in bats.
- Geographic origin is a key factor in paramyxovirus evolution and circulation within bat populations.
- These findings expand the known host range and geographic distribution of bat paramyxoviruses.
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