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A Bovine Cell Line Resistant to Japanese Encephalitis Virus Entry but Permissive to Post-Entry Replication
1Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Viruses
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells resist Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) entry, despite supporting viral replication post-entry. This discovery aids research into JEV host cell interactions and entry factors.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a significant zoonotic threat causing neuroinflammation and reproductive failure.
- Identifying JEV-resistant animal cell lines is crucial due to its broad host range and cell tropism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the susceptibility of Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells to JEV infection.
- To characterize the stage of the JEV replication cycle inhibited in MDBK cells.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of JEV infection in MDBK and baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells.
- Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry to assess viral entry and replication.
- Testing MDBK cell endocytic pathway function using bovine viral diarrhea virus.
Main Results:
- MDBK cells are resistant to JEV entry but support viral replication when transfected with viral genomic RNA.
- Unlike susceptible BHK-21 cells, MDBK cells inhibit JEV at the entry stage.
- MDBK cells possess a functional clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway, confirmed by susceptibility to bovine viral diarrhea virus.
Conclusions:
- MDBK cells are a valuable, nonsusceptible cell line for studying JEV entry mechanisms.
- These findings provide a platform for identifying and validating JEV host cell entry factors.
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