Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

78.6K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
78.6K
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

1.2K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
1.2K
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

2.0K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
2.0K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

1.3K
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
1.3K
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

68.3K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
68.3K
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

2.0K
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Modeling the phage properties best for therapy.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Short and long term suppression of host populations by novel pathogens.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Waning immunity drives respiratory virus evolution and reinfection.

Evolution, medicine, and public health·2025
Same author

Standardized methods for rearing a moth larva, Manduca sexta, in a laboratory setting.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Mathematical comparison of protocols for adapting a bacteriophage to a new host.

Virus evolution·2024
Same author

Waning immunity drives respiratory virus evolution and reinfection.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same journal

Correction: Bulatov et al. Camelpox Virus in Western Kazakhstan: Assessment of the Role of Local Fauna as Reservoirs of Infection. <i>Viruses</i> 2024, <i>16</i>, 1626.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Correction: Franco et al. Whole Blood Volume-Based Absolute Quantification of HTLV-1 Proviral Load: A Comparative Method Evaluation Study. <i>Viruses</i> 2026, <i>18</i>, 580.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Correction: Medkour et al. Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission. <i>Viruses</i> 2020, <i>12</i>, 657.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Burden of Malaria and Dengue Across Global, Asian, and Chinese Populations Based on GBD 2021 Data: A Quantitative Assessment of Importation Risks to China.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

First Report of <i>Orthonairovirus songlingense</i> in <i>Haemaphysalis concinna</i> Ticks from Russia.

Viruses·2026
Same journal

Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Jiangsu Province, China, 2024.

Viruses·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice
08:46

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.6K

Modeling the Phage Properties Best for Therapy.

James J Bull1, Gurneet Kaur2, Stephen M Krone3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.

Viruses
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phage therapy success can be predicted by phage properties like adsorption and growth rates, not just plaque formation. Computational models show these factors are crucial for effective bacterial infection treatment.

Keywords:
adsorption ratebacteriacomputational modeldecay ratephage choicephage therapy

More Related Videos

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

2.7K
Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice
08:46

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.6K
Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

2.7K
Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Bacteriology
  • Virology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Phage therapy uses bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections.
  • Current selection criteria for therapeutic phages, like host range, do not guarantee treatment success.
  • Improved predictors for phage efficacy are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally investigate standard phage properties as predictors of phage therapy success.
  • To identify which phage characteristics are most influential in suppressing bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized computational models to simulate phage-bacterial interactions.
  • Analyzed 2400 combinations of phage phenotypes (burst size, lysis rate, adsorption rate constant, intrinsic decay rate, growth rate).
  • Defined treatment success as the number of phages required to achieve a 100-fold bacterial density reduction.

Main Results:

  • Adsorption rate constant and growth rate were the most significant predictors of treatment success.
  • Bacterial density was highly informative for predicting phage requirements.
  • Burst size and lysis time showed minimal predictive value.

Conclusions:

  • Adsorption rate constant and growth rate are key phage properties for successful phage therapy.
  • Selection for broad host range may negatively impact phage adsorption and growth on specific hosts.
  • Phage properties, particularly adsorption and growth rates, should be optimized for individual bacterial targets.