Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 28, 2026
13:45
Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens
Published on: April 27, 2011
19.5K
Evolution of Human Adenoviruses, a Double-Stranded DNA Viral Pathogen Documented Through Genomics and Bioinformatics
Katayoon Dadkhah1, Shoaleh Dehghan2, James Chodosh3
1Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
Viruses
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are significant pathogens. Genomic tools aid in understanding their evolution, with genome recombination driving the emergence of novel HAdV genotypes and facilitating immune evasion.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Genomics
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are significant global pathogens, especially in crowded conditions.
- Genomic and bioinformatic tools offer high-resolution methods for pathogen identification and characterization.
- Standardized nomenclature and accessible archives are crucial for studying viral diversity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of human adenovirus genotypes.
- To elucidate the molecular evolution mechanisms of HAdVs.
- To understand how HAdVs emerge and infect new host populations.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing genomic and bioinformatic tools for pathogen analysis.
- Reviewing and synthesizing data on HAdV genotypes.
- Applying evolutionary concepts to understand viral adaptation.
Main Results:
- Genome recombination is a primary driver for the emergence of novel HAdV pathogens.
- HAdVs acquire sequences for immune evasion and host cell entry.
- A framework for understanding HAdV evolution is proposed, contrasting with RNA virus evolution.
Conclusions:
- Genomic insights are critical for understanding HAdV evolution and emergence.
- Recombination allows HAdVs to adapt and overcome host immunity.
- The study proposes a novel metaphor to describe HAdV evolutionary dynamics.
Keywords:
White King Reigns hypothesisclassificationdatabasedouble-stranded DNA virusesgenomicshuman adenovirusmolecular evolutionviral pathogenviral taxonomyvirus evolutionweb resourcezoonosisMore Related Videos
21:55Engineering and Evolution of Synthetic Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Gene Therapy Vectors via DNA Family Shuffling
Published on: April 2, 2012
29.2K
10:22Isolation of Viral Replication Compartment-enriched Sub-nuclear Fractions from Adenovirus-infected Normal Human Cells
Published on: November 12, 2015
9.2K
Related Concept Videos
00:36Viral Mutations
40.1K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
40.1K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
7.1K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
7.1K
02:33Retroviruses
15.1K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
15.1K
01:24Eukaryotic Evolution
42.9K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
42.9K
01:26Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
918
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
918
02:02Genomics
41.1K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
41.1K