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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

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Published on: May 20, 2019
Synergistic Effects of Nitrosamine-Safe Accelerators for Enhanced Natural Rubber Latex Balloon in Sulfur Conventional
Thanakan Chang-In1, Ekasit Anancharoenwong1, Sunisa Suchat1
1Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani 84000, Thailand.
Abstract:
The vulcanization of natural rubber latex (NRL) relies on accelerators to achieve effective crosslinking by a sulfur conventional vulcanizing system and desirable properties such as tensile strength and elasticity. This study investigates the synergistic effects of carcinogenic nitrosamine-safe accelerators to develop a high-performance and safe NRL vulcanization system. A synergistic combination of 0.36 phr Zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZBEC), 0.36 phr Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), and a trace amount of Zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC), 0.03 phr, demonstrated optimal performance, yielding superior tensile strength (22.13 MPa), elongation at break (1153%), and thermal stability (Tmax 384.15 °C). Notably, this formulation exhibited below the detectable level limits of hazardous nitrosamines (N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA)). The synergistic nitrosamine-safe accelerator system offers a promising strategy for producing environmentally responsible and consumer-safe NRL products with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties.
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