Recent Advances in Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials for Energy Efficiency in Buildings: A Review

Area of Science:

• Building Science
• Materials Science
• Thermal Engineering

Background:

• Phase change materials (PCMs) are crucial for building thermal regulation due to their latent heat storage capabilities.
• Microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs) offer improved stability, efficiency, and integration compared to traditional PCMs.
• A structured comparative analysis of PCM and MPCM systems is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a structured comparative analysis of PCM and MPCM systems for building applications.
• To develop a framework correlating thermophysical properties with climate-specific conditions.
• To offer practical selection criteria for MPCMs based on performance and application.

Main Methods:

• Systematic evaluation of materials, encapsulation approaches, and performance indicators using synthesis tables.
• Correlation of material properties with simulation software and regional climatic data.
• Assessment of MPCMs based on composition, phase change characteristics, and encapsulation techniques.

Main Results:

• MPCMs demonstrate enhanced thermal efficiency, stability, and integration potential for construction materials.
• A framework is presented to align MPCM products (18°C–32°C) with climate zones and life cycle assessment outcomes.
• Polymers are identified as vital components in MPCM technology for building applications.

Conclusions:

• MPCMs present a promising technology for scalable, energy-efficient, and sustainable building solutions.
• The study provides clear selection criteria for optimizing MPCM use in diverse climatic conditions.
• This work guides future research and development for the building industry stakeholders.