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Coupling Effects and Analysis in Extremely Large-Scale Planar Array Antennas.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new precoding framework for extremely large antenna arrays (ELAAs) that accounts for antenna coupling. The proposed eigenmode method significantly boosts received power and energy efficiency in near-field beamforming.

Keywords:
eigenmode transmissionextremely large antenna arraysmutual couplingnear-field beamforming

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Antenna Theory
  • Wireless Communications and Signal Processing

Background:

  • Extremely Large Antenna Arrays (ELAAs) offer significant gains but are sensitive to mutual coupling effects.
  • Conventional precoding methods like Maximum Ratio Transmission (MRT) degrade under mutual coupling in ELAAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a physically consistent precoding framework for ELAAs that incorporates structural mutual coupling.
  • To enhance energy efficiency and received power in near-field beamforming for ELAAs.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a precoding framework using a two-dimensional impedance network to model mutual coupling.
  • Applied Neumann series approximation for scalability of the inverse coupling operator.
  • Analyzed coupling-aware received power maximization as a Hermitian rank-one quadratic form.

Main Results:

  • The optimal precoding aligns with the dominant eigendirection of the effective coupling-shaped channel.
  • Eigenmode design and coupling-aware MRT enhance power efficiency; eigenmode design shows superior performance.
  • The proposed method achieves the highest received power, outperforming conventional MRT under structural coupling.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed eigenmode method with Neumann approximated coupling is robust, adaptable, and offers superior performance for ELAAs.
  • The framework provides practical guidance for energy-efficient near-field beamforming on ultra-large apertures.
  • The method is interpretable, numerically stable, and readily implementable.