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Circularly Polarized X-Band Fan-Beam Antenna and Its Application to Offset Reflector Systems
Tae-Hak Lee1, Sang-Gyu Lee2, Sang-Burm Ryu2
1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yuhan University, Bucheon 14780, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
Summary
A new circularly polarized (CP) array antenna creates a fan-beam pattern for offset reflector antennas. This CP antenna achieves wide axial ratio bandwidth and enhances reflector gain by 17 dB.
Area of Science:
- Electromagnetics and Applied Electrophysics
- Antenna Theory and Design
Background:
- Circularly polarized (CP) antennas are crucial for advanced communication systems.
- Fan-beam radiation patterns are desirable for specific applications like radar and broadcasting.
- Offset reflector antennas offer advantages in suppressing blocking and cross-polarization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel 4x4 circularly polarized array antenna generating a fan-beam pattern.
- To investigate the application of this CP array as a feed for an offset reflector antenna.
- To evaluate the performance enhancement in terms of gain and radiation characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Design and fabrication of a 4x4 CP array antenna with a sequentially rotated feed network.
- Integration of the CP array as a primary feed for an offset reflector antenna.
- Simulation and measurement of antenna parameters including impedance bandwidth, gain, radiation patterns, and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth.
Main Results:
- The proposed CP array antenna achieved a wide AR bandwidth of 1.9 GHz centered at 8.2 GHz.
- The array exhibited half-power beamwidths (HPBW) of approximately 27.5° and 14.5° in the ϕ=0° and ϕ=90° planes.
- The offset reflector antenna fed by the CP array demonstrated a gain enhancement of ~17 dB and a 1 GHz AR bandwidth.
Conclusions:
- The developed CP array antenna effectively generates a fan-beam radiation pattern.
- The CP array serves as a high-performance feed for offset reflector antennas, significantly improving gain.
- The proposed antenna design shows excellent agreement between simulated and fabricated results, validating its practical applicability.
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