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Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Large-scale Recording of Neurons by Movable Silicon Probes in Behaving Rodents

Large-scale Recording of Neurons by Movable Silicon Probes in Behaving Rodents

Published on: March 4, 2012

Growth-adaptive spring electronics for long-term, same-neuron mapping in the developing rat brain.

Ariel J Lee^1,2,3, Hao Sheng^2,3, Arnau Marin-Llobet²

¹Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|February 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neural development involves profound changes in brain activity. This study reveals that specific neurons drive this transition by altering their coordination with local brain activity over time.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Large-scale Recording of Neurons by Movable Silicon Probes in Behaving Rodents

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A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats

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Published on: November 7, 2017

Using Neuron Spiking Activity to Trigger Closed-Loop Stimuli in Neurophysiological Experiments

Using Neuron Spiking Activity to Trigger Closed-Loop Stimuli in Neurophysiological Experiments

Published on: November 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

Neural activity undergoes significant reorganization from birth to maturity.
Previous research implicated inhibitory maturation and excitation-inhibition balance shifts.
Long-term mapping of individual neurons during neonatal development has been a major challenge due to rapid brain growth.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel methods for long-term, same-neuron mapping in the developing brain.
To investigate how individual neurons contribute to the developmental decorrelation of neural activity.
To identify specific neuronal populations driving developmental shifts in neural synchrony.

Main Methods:

Introduction of growth-adaptive spring electronics for stable electrode-tissue interface during neonatal development.
Development of a vision-language model-assisted spike processing pipeline for probabilistic unit matching across days.
Spike-resolved mapping of individual neurons in rat visual cortex and medial prefrontal cortex from postnatal day 10 to 45.

Main Results:

Successful spike-resolved mapping of the same neurons over a critical developmental period (P10-P45).
Identification of a distinct subset of neurons that progressively shifts from strong to weak population coupling during development.
Demonstration that developmental decorrelation is driven by specific neuronal trajectories, not uniform changes.

Conclusions:

Population-level neural desynchronization during development can be resolved into neuron-specific developmental trajectories.
This framework allows for detailed investigation of neurodevelopmental disorders by examining selective disruption of neuronal development.
Future research can utilize this approach to study conditions like schizophrenia and autism.