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Related Concept Videos

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

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Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
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Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

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Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
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Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

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Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
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Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

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Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury
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[Suspected phenibut poisoning with brainstem involvement].

Jimmi Malmberg Scheel Jensen1, Mette Lolk1, Dorte Fris Palmqvist2

  • 1Afdeling for Bedøvelse, Operation og Intensiv Behandling, Københavns Universitetshospital - Herlev og Gentofte Hospital.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenibut, a GABA-B agonist, can cause coma and dependency. This case report details a young man

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Toxicology

Background:

  • Phenibut (β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid) is a GABA-B agonist.
  • It is associated with sedation, dependency, and withdrawal symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of phenibut intoxication leading to coma.
  • To highlight the role of baclofen in managing phenibut withdrawal.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a young male patient admitted to the ICU.
  • Clinical assessment, identification of phenibut ingestion, and monitoring for withdrawal.
  • Treatment of withdrawal symptoms with baclofen.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with unconsciousness and partial brainstem areflexia, suspected to be due to phenibut intoxication.
  • The patient later developed phenibut withdrawal symptoms.
  • Baclofen effectively treated the withdrawal symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Phenibut intoxication can be a potential cause of coma.
  • Baclofen is an effective treatment for phenibut withdrawal syndrome.