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High Throughput, Real-time, Dual-readout Testing of Intracellular Antimicrobial Activity and Eukaryotic Cell Cytotoxicity

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High-throughput antimicrobial efficacy tests on a 384PillarPlate.

Pranav Joshi¹, Prabha Acharya², Manav Goud Vanga¹

¹Bioprinting Laboratories Inc., Dallas, TX, US.

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology

|February 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new ATP-based, on-chip antimicrobial efficacy test (O-AET) offers a faster, more cost-effective alternative to traditional methods for testing preservatives in consumer products.

Keywords:

384PillarPlate Antimicrobial efficacy Consumer product testing High-throughput microbial assay Preservative

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Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Preservatives are crucial in home and personal care products to prevent microbial contamination.
Traditional antimicrobial efficacy testing (T-AET) is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a high-throughput, ATP-based, on-chip antimicrobial efficacy test (O-AET).
To provide a rapid, cost-effective, and scalable alternative to T-AET for preservative screening.

Main Methods:

Utilized a 384PillarPlate platform for O-AET with encapsulated bacteria (P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, S. aureus).
Quantified microbial ATP levels using the BacTiter-Glo™ luminescence assay.
Evaluated industrial antimicrobials and nine detergent formulations (fresh and aged).

Main Results:

O-AET demonstrated low variability (CV < 8%) for industrial antimicrobials.
Log reduction data from O-AET strongly correlated with T-AET.
Achieved 98% sensitivity and 71% overall predictivity using a 3-log reduction cutoff.

Conclusions:

O-AET is a robust, reproducible, and high-throughput alternative to T-AET.
The platform significantly reduces reagent volume and turnaround time, offering cost-effectiveness.
O-AET has high potential for streamlining product development and preservative screening in consumer care applications.