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Prenatal and Early Intimate Partner Psychological Violence and Children's Hospital Health Care Use: The ELFE Cohort

Marion Bailhache1, Fabienne El-Khoury2, Eloi Chazelas2

  • 1CHU de Bordeaux, Pole de Pediatrie (M Bailhache), Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP) (M Bailhache, F El-Khoury, E Chazelas, R Gomajee, J van der Waerden, and M Melchior), Epidémiologie Sociale Santé Mentale et Addictions (ESSMA), Paris, France.

Academic Pediatrics
|February 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Parental psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) before and after birth is linked to increased emergency department (ED) visits for children up to age ten. Preventing IPV may improve child health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Parental psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant stressor with potential long-term effects on child well-being.
  • Understanding the link between early life exposure to parental psychological IPV and healthcare utilization is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between parental psychological IPV exposure trajectories (before and around childbirth) and children's emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations from two months to ten years of age.
  • To identify specific patterns of parental psychological IPV and their differential impact on children's healthcare needs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the population-based French ELFE birth cohort (children born in 2011).
  • Employed group-based trajectory modeling to define parental psychological IPV patterns.
  • Applied weighted multivariate regression models to assess the relationship between IPV trajectories and children's ED visits (without hospitalization) and hospitalizations.

Main Results:

  • Identified four psychological IPV trajectories: Minimal (71%), Decreasing (11%), Persistent (9%), and Increasing (9%).
  • Decreasing and persistent psychological IPV trajectories were significantly associated with a higher number of children's ED visits without hospitalization (IRR 1.4 for both).
  • ED visits in the decreasing IPV group were frequently linked to poisoning, fever, or respiratory issues; no significant association was found for hospitalizations.

Conclusions:

  • Parental psychological IPV, particularly decreasing and early persistent patterns, is associated with increased emergency department utilization in children.
  • Interventions aimed at preventing psychological IPV in parents could positively impact children's future health and reduce healthcare burdens.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrenemergency room visitshospitalizationintimate partner violence

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