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Adaptive Responses to High-fructose Corn Syrup Intake Under Energy Restriction in Early Middle-aged Female Mice.
Ayato Nakata1, Mei Hidaka1, Yuichiro Sato2
1Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
In Vivo (Athens, Greece)
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Excessive high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) intake in female mice under energy restriction reduced insulin secretion but maintained glucose tolerance. This suggests extrapancreatic hormonal compensation plays a role in glucose regulation.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Research
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence is increasing globally, with non-obese T2D common in East Asian populations.
- Previous studies indicated excessive high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) impairs glucose tolerance in male mice without obesity.
- This research investigates female-specific glucose regulation mechanisms under similar dietary conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate female-specific mechanisms of glucose regulation.
- To assess the impact of excessive HFCS intake under energy restriction on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in female mice.
Main Methods:
- Female ICR mice were divided into HFCS and control groups, with matched energy intake.
- HFCS group received free access to HFCS water.
- Evaluated glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, pancreatic morphology, gene expression, and serum parameters after 16 weeks.
Main Results:
- Glucose tolerance and islet size were similar between groups.
- HFCS group showed reduced insulin secretion and pancreatic weight.
- Elevated ketohexokinase, glutaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase 1 mRNA, and increased glucagon-like peptide-1 levels were observed in the HFCS group.
Conclusions:
- Excessive HFCS intake under energy restriction diminished insulin secretion in female mice.
- Glucose tolerance was preserved, potentially due to extrapancreatic hormonal compensation.
- Adaptive metabolic responses may contribute to maintaining glucose homeostasis.
