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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
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Anti-CD146 Autoantibodies: The First Biologic Markers Associated With Occupational Exposure in Systemic Sclerosis.

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Summary

Autoantibodies to CD146 (AACD146) are detected in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, particularly males with occupational silica exposure. These findings identify AACD146 as potential biomarkers for SSc linked to environmental factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe autoimmune disease.
  • Occupational exposure is a significant risk factor for SSc.
  • CD146 regulates fibrosis in SSc via the Wnt/ROS pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if CD146 is a target of autoimmunity in SSc.
  • To develop and validate a method for detecting anti-CD146 autoantibodies (AACD146).

Main Methods:

  • Developed an in-house ELISA for AACD146 detection, confirmed by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting.
  • Assessed AACD146 in SSc patients versus healthy controls.
  • Validated findings in a cohort of workers exposed to asbestos/silica, compared to cancer patients and unexposed controls.

Main Results:

  • AACD146 were significantly more prevalent in SSc patients (15%) than controls (5%).
  • In SSc patients, AACD146 positivity correlated with male sex and silica exposure (sensitivity 57%, specificity 88%).
  • Validation cohort showed 57% AACD146 positivity in occupationally exposed individuals, significantly higher than controls and cancer patients.

Conclusions:

  • AACD146 are detectable in SSc patients and associated with occupational dust exposure in males.
  • AACD146 represent the first biomarkers linking occupational exposure to SSc.
  • These biomarkers may have implications for preventive medicine in SSc.