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The 10-23 DNAzyme in Biosensing and Diagnostics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Connor Nurmi1,2, Jake Brill3, Sanne Roumans1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

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The 10-23 DNAzyme is a powerful tool for biosensing, but its performance is limited by environmental factors. This review explores strategies to overcome these challenges for improved diagnostic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • DNAzymes, particularly the 10-23 DNAzyme, offer programmable and cost-effective biosensing capabilities.
  • The 10-23 DNAzyme is a widely used RNA-cleaving enzyme with high catalytic efficiency and adaptability.
  • Limitations such as suboptimal conditions and nuclease interference hinder 10-23 DNAzyme performance in point-of-care diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integration of the 10-23 DNAzyme in various biosensing platforms.
  • To highlight activation strategies and the dual role of 10-23 DNAzyme in molecular recognition and signal reporting.
  • To discuss challenges and emerging solutions for advancing 10-23 DNAzyme applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of contemporary biosensing and diagnostic systems utilizing the 10-23 DNAzyme.
  • Analysis of direct and regulated activation strategies for 10-23 DNAzyme.
  • Examination of solutions including chemical modifications, nanoparticle protection, and advanced sensor architectures.

Main Results:

  • The 10-23 DNAzyme is integrated into colorimetric, fluorescent, electrochemical, electrochemiluminescent, and intracellular sensors.
  • Both direct and regulated activation strategies are employed, leveraging the 10-23 DNAzyme's dual role.
  • Emerging solutions address challenges in catalytic performance, stability, and assay workflow.

Conclusions:

  • The 10-23 DNAzyme shows significant potential for next-generation biosensing and diagnostics.
  • Overcoming limitations through innovative strategies is crucial for widespread adoption in point-of-care formats.
  • Further advancements in chemical modifications, nanotechnology, and sensor design will enhance 10-23 DNAzyme utility.