Publication Dynamics Where Evidence Is Missing: Mapping Empty Reviews in Nursing.

Area of Science:

• Nursing Science
• Knowledge Production
• Research Agenda Setting

Background:

• Socio-political and technological forces shape scientific knowledge production.
• Empty reviews, though debated, can identify and prioritize research gaps.
• This study maps empty reviews within nursing science.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically map empty reviews published in nursing science.
• To understand the characteristics and implications of empty reviews in nursing.
• To inform research agendas and resource allocation for under-investigated topics.

Main Methods:

• A scoping review conducted following established guidelines (Arksey & O'Malley, JBI, PRISMA-ScR).
• Protocol registered on Open Science Framework; search of databases and grey literature.
• Data summarized using a modified framework: Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice, and Research recommendations.

Main Results:

• Fifteen empty reviews were identified, primarily from high-income countries in the last decade.
• Topics included clinical practice, education, organizational resources, maternity care, and mental health.
• Recommendations emphasized primary studies, tool development, and strategic use of empty reviews for funding and research agendas.

Conclusions:

• Empty reviews in nursing signal neglected or emerging areas, aiding equity-oriented research priorities.
• Legitimizing empty reviews supports transparent mapping of knowledge gaps for funders and institutions.
• Dedicated registries and reporting standards for empty reviews can enhance transparency and stimulate targeted primary research.