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Personalized temporal interference targeting right striatum enhances structure-function couplings in
Dongsheng Tang1, Lang Qin1, Wenhua Liu1
1School of Kinesiology, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|February 28, 2026
Summary
Personalized temporal interference (TI) stimulation safely altered brain connectivity and structure in healthy adults. This neuromodulation of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical network shows promise for treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuromodulation
- Neuroimaging
Background:
- The cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) network is crucial for motor control and reward processing.
- Dysfunction in the CSTC network is implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders.
- Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques are needed to investigate and potentially treat CSTC-related conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the neuromodulatory effects of personalized temporal interference (TI) stimulation on functional-structural plasticity within the CSTC network.
- To assess the impact of TI stimulation on functional connectivity (FC) and white matter microstructure.
- To evaluate the safety and tolerability of personalized TI stimulation.
Main Methods:
- 26 healthy participants received personalized TI and sham stimulation targeting the right striatum.
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were acquired before, during, and after stimulation.
- Analysis focused on changes in FC within the CSTC network and diffusion metrics (axial diffusivity (AD), fractional anisotropy (FA)) in white matter tracts.
Main Results:
- TI stimulation significantly reduced functional connectivity (FC) between the right striatum and the precentral gyrus.
- Acute increases in axial diffusivity (AD) were observed in the right corticospinal tract (CST) and anterior thalamic radiation (ATR) during stimulation.
- Delayed elevation in fractional anisotropy (FA) was noted in the right ATR post-stimulation, with a negative correlation between FC and AD changes.
- No adverse effects were reported, confirming the safety of the procedure.
Conclusions:
- Personalized TI stimulation effectively modulates functional connectivity and induces neuroplastic changes within the CSTC network.
- The observed functional and microstructural alterations suggest TI's potential for therapeutic applications.
- TI stimulation represents a promising, safe, and effective neuromodulatory strategy for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Keywords:
cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (cstc) networkfunctional connectivitypersonalized brain stimulationstructure–function couplingtemporal interference stimulationMore Related Videos
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