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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Measuring Lactase Enzymatic Activity in the Teaching Lab
Published on: August 6, 2018
Colostrum-specific amino acids and lipids elevating lutein bioaccessibility at the micellization stage relative to
Yuankai Wang1, Xiaoling He2, Yuyao Chen1
1College of Food Science, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
Abstract:
Lutein's bioaccessibility varies between infant formula (IF) and milk and among lactation stages, and controlling its micellization in matrices and the benefits colostrum (CM) at equal lutein pre-digestion levels remain unaddressed. Hence, this study used an infant-relevant dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal model to equalize lutein levels in digestive fluids, compare digesta's and mixed micelles' physicochemical stability, and investigate release dynamics in CM, mature milk, and IF. Untargeted and targeted omics profiling of micellar fractions was then conducted. IF exhibited >20% lutein loss, which was twice that of human milk at matched lutein concentration. CM showed the highest micellization efficiency and lutein bioaccessibility, and five amino acids and six lipids were enriched in CM-derived micelles. These results suggest that functional molecules enhance lutein delivery and human-milk matrices facilitate lipophilic nutrient delivery, providing a foundation for next-generation IF fortification strategies.
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