Latest Advancements in Using Fe3O4@graphene Oxide Nanocatalyst for the Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes
Sara Payamifar1, Majid Abdouss1, Hamideh Sarreshtehdar Aslaheh2
1Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Reducing nitroarenes to aromatic amines is a valuable method in both industrial and synthetic organic chemistry for producing amine compounds. Recently, magnetite-based nanocatalysts have attracted attention as promising, eco-friendly alternatives to conventional noble-metal catalysts in this transformation. Magnetite nanoparticles, with their large surface area, strong catalytic performance, and inherent magnetic properties, enable easy separation and reuse, significantly supporting the sustainability of the process. Fe3O4@graphene oxide nanocatalysts are regarded as highly promising due to their straightforward synthesis, affordability, excellent superparamagnetic behavior, good biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Utilizing environmentally friendly reducing agents such as sodium borohydride or H2, alongside these adaptable nanocatalysts, enables fast and selective transformation of nitroarenes under moderate reaction conditions. This study emphasizes the promise of Fe3O4@graphene oxide magnetic nanocatalysts as an economical, recyclable, and environmentally friendly catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes, offering a valuable approach toward a more sustainable chemical industry. This review provides an overview of the synthesis and applications of Fe3O4@graphene oxide magnetic nanocatalysts, highlighting their effectiveness and eco-friendliness in the hydrogenation of nitro compounds, with coverage extending through 2025.
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