[Epidemiology, carcinogenicity, prevention and control of clonorchiasis in China]

Clonorchiasis is one of the most prevalent foodborne zoonotic parasitic diseases, with Clonorchis (C.) sinensis being the primary causative agent in China. In 2020, approximately 9.46 million people in China were infected, and nearly 100 million were at risk. The complex life cycle of C. sinensis, involving human and animal hosts and two intermediate hosts, poses significant challenges for control. Recognized as a Group 1 human carcinogen, C. sinensis contributes to cholangiocarcinoma through mechanical obstruction of bile ducts, physical damage from worm migration, and chemical irritation from excretory-secretory products. Effective control requires an integrated "One Health" strategy, including chemotherapeutic interventions, health education, management of animal hosts and environments, and the development and application of vaccines as novel preventive measures.