Gingival Melanin Depigmentation Using Pulsed 450 nm Diode Laser: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing...

Area of Science:

• Dental Aesthetics
• Laser Dentistry

Background:

• Gingival pigmentation is a prevalent esthetic concern impacting patient confidence.
• Laser-assisted depigmentation is a popular treatment option.
• Limited comparative data exists for ablative versus non-ablative laser techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare clinical outcomes of gingival depigmentation using ablative and non-ablative 450 nm diode lasers.
• To evaluate patient comfort levels associated with each laser technique.

Main Methods:

• A split-mouth, single-blind, randomized controlled trial involving 20 patients.
• Comparison of ablative and non-ablative 450 nm diode lasers on contralateral sides.
• Assessment of Dummett Oral Pigmentation Index (OPI) and Melanin Pigmentation Index over 12 months.
• Evaluation of patient-reported pain and discomfort using a modified McGill Pain Questionnaire.

Main Results:

• Both laser techniques successfully reduced gingival pigmentation.
• Ablative lasers provided immediate results with lower repigmentation rates but higher intraoperative discomfort.
• Non-ablative lasers resulted in less pain and faster healing but needed multiple sessions for comparable efficacy.
• Significant differences were observed in repigmentation rates and patient comfort.

Conclusions:

• Both ablative and non-ablative 450 nm diode lasers are effective for gingival depigmentation.
• Treatment choice depends on patient preference: ablative for immediate results, non-ablative for enhanced comfort.
• Tailoring the technique to patient needs optimizes outcomes for esthetic concerns.