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Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Multifunctional Mg-C Bilayer Interphase for Anode-Free Solid-State Batteries.

Ruixin Wu¹, Sufu Liu², Ruihao Deng¹

¹Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|March 2, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a Mg/C bilayer interphase for anode-free solid-state batteries. This interlayer regulates lithium plating, enabling stable cycling and improving energy density for advanced battery technologies.

Keywords:

Mg/C bilayer anode-free interlayer design solid-state batteries sulfide electrolyte

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Anode-free solid-state batteries offer higher energy density but face challenges with lithium deposition and dissolution.
Controlling lithium behavior is crucial for stable and efficient battery performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and investigate a novel Mg/C bilayer interphase for regulating lithium plating in anode-free solid-state batteries.
To enhance the stability and energy density of next-generation lithium-ion batteries.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a Mg/C bilayer interphase.
Electrochemical characterization of lithium deposition/dissolution behavior.
Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructural analysis.

Main Results:

Observed lithiation of Mg and C prior to lithium plating.
Identified higher nucleation overpotential on lithiated carbon (Li-C) than lithiated magnesium (Li-Mg).
Achieved uniform lithium plating and stripping underneath the Li-C layer, separating it from the solid electrolyte.

Conclusions:

The Mg/C bilayer interphase effectively regulates lithium plating by directing it to the Li-C/Li-Mg interface.
Stable plating/stripping cycles were demonstrated at 2 mAh/cm² with >99% Coulombic efficiency at room temperature.
This study provides key insights for designing interlayers to improve anode-free solid-state battery performance.